![]() However, the graphical user interface shells work slower as compared to the command-line interface shells. Thus, both of these shells implement operations. The graphical line shells facilitate the graphical user interface, while the command line shells facilitate the command line interface. ![]() ![]() These operating systems are categorized into two different types, which are the graphical shells and command-line shells. The shell is available in distinct types of OSes. It can take commands through the user and runs the functions of the kernel. Shell:- It is an interface among the kernel and user. Hardware layer:- Linux operating system contains a hardware layer that consists of several peripheral devices like CPU, HDD, and RAM.ĥ. System Utility Programs:- It is responsible for doing specialized level and individual activities.Ĥ. These are applied for implementing the operating system's functionality and don't need code access rights of the modules of kernel.ģ. System Libraries:- These libraries can be specified as some special functions. There are some of the important kernel types which are mentioned below:Ģ. The kernel facilitates required abstraction for hiding details of low-level hardware or application programs to the system. This operating system contains distinct types of modules and cooperates with underlying hardware directly. It is responsible for each of the major actions of the Linux OS. Kernel:- The kernel is one of the core section of an operating system. The Linux operating system's architecture mainly contains some of the components: the Kernel, System Library, Hardware layer, System, and Shell utility.ġ. Linux-based android of Google insisted 75% of the market share of the Smartphone, based on the number of phones exported in 2013.Linux kernel version 3.0 was released in 2011.Dell begun laptop distribution with Ubuntu which was pre-installed on it in 2007.Oracle published its Red Hat distribution in 2006.The openSUSE project started a free distribution from the community of Novell In 2005.The first publication of Ubuntu was published in 2004.Lindows name was modified to Linspire in 2004.Microsoft filed the Trademark collection against in 2001.Linus Torvalds published the Linux version 2.4 source code in 2001.The Caldera System agreement with professional services division and SCO server software division was released in 2000.The IRIX 6.5 version, i.e., the fifth SGI UNIX generation, Free BSD 3.0 version, and Sun Solaris 7 OS was released in 1998.HP-UX 11.0 version was released in 1997.K Desktop Environment was established by Matthias Ettrich in 1996.HP-UX 10.0 version and FreeBSD 2.0 version was released in 1995.Caldera was detected by Ransom love and Bryan Sparks and NetBSD 1.0 version published. FreeBSD 1.0 version and NetBSD8 version was released in 1993.Hewlett Packard 9.0 version was published in 1992.HP-UX ( Hewlett Packard) 8.0 version was published.Linux was proposed by the Finland student Linus Torvalds in 1991.The final Linux Kernel was remarked by continuous development throughout the history since then. In 1991, the Linux history started with the starting of a particular project by the Finland student Linus Torvalds for creating a new free OS kernel. ![]() Remarkably, it is a complete OS Including an X Window System, Emacs editor, IP/TCP, GUI (graphical user interface), etc. It is developed to provide a low-cost or free OS for several personal computer system users. On the other hand, Linux OS is one of the famous versions of the UNIX OS. The primary aim of an operating system is to provide a platform where a user can run any program conveniently or efficiently. It is a group of software that handles the resources of the computer hardware and facilitates basic services for computer programs.Īn operating system is an essential component of system software within a computer system. Linux operating systemĪn operating system can be described as an interface among the computer hardware and the user of any computer. Let's first start with the basic knowledge of the Linux operating system.
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